For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale."
PDF Lecture 3 Activity: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. CH 02 HW - Chapter 2 physics homework for Mastering, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1, Use a travel-time graph to convert lag time into distance. Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth. earthquake though). Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. 4. m>r/Q[6 Thanks for your feedback! 3. If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, The period of a wave is the time between two adj, How does the period of the P waves compare to t. Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. How might they use this information? Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD
endstream
endobj
80 0 obj
<>
endobj
81 0 obj
<>stream
Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. Figure 2. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. (i. For upper grades, have students work individually, do two of the three seismic area tutorials, and look up historical earthquakes to learn their magnitudes, and make data tables or graphs with this information. 0000055643 00000 n
Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. 0000004769 00000 n
Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. Add to FlexBook Textbook. (Grades 9 - 12). Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. Based on your answers to the previous question, what is the lag time for locations that are 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 0000003254 00000 n
One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Short for "secondary wave" or "shear wave." hbb2b`b``a I @
endstream
endobj
62 0 obj
<>/Metadata 55 0 R/Pages 51 0 R/StructTreeRoot 57 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>>
endobj
63 0 obj
<>/Font<>>>/Fields[]>>
endobj
64 0 obj
<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>>
endobj
65 0 obj
<>
endobj
66 0 obj
<>
endobj
67 0 obj
<>
endobj
68 0 obj
<>stream
trailer
<<0444DE89825047A1A483C62E98F50868>]>>
startxref
0
%%EOF
114 0 obj
<>stream
5 4. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. distance from transducer to the focal point. cCV&0Lw1~c\4QA!{q:
N3\`Lccgb,x/if`WH3(\'q)Da'@ |
endstream
endobj
92 0 obj
<>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[57 4]/Length 20/Size 61/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream
Finally, the location of the 3 seismographs are placed on a map and the distance to the epicenter is used to draw a circle with an origin at each seismograph and a radius equal to the distance to the epicenter as taken from each seismogram. (Grades 6 - 8). Book: Laboratory Manual for Introductory Geology (Deline, Harris & Tefend), { "13.01:_Introduction" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.
b__1]()", "13.02:_The_Epicenter,_Focus,_and_Waves" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.03:_Seismology" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.04:_Locating_an_Earthquake_Epicenter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.05:_Lab_Exercise_(Part_A)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.06:_Hazards_from_Earthquakes" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.07:_Lab_Exercise_(Part_B)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.08:_Induced_Seismicity" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.09:_Lab_Exercise_(Part_C)" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.10:_Student_Responses" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "01:_Introduction_to_Physical_Geology" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "02:_Earth\'s_Interior" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "03:_Topographic_Maps" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "04:_Plate_Tectonics" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "05:_Water" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "06:_Climate_Change" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "07:_Matter_and_Minerals" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "08:_Igneous_Rocks" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "09:_Volcanoes" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "10:_Sedimentary_Rocks" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "11:_Metamorphic_Rocks" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "12:_Crustal_Deformation" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13:_Earthquakes" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "14:_Physiographic_Provinces" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "showtoc:no", "license:ccbysa", "authorname:delineharristefend", "program:galileo" ], https://geo.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fgeo.libretexts.org%2FLearning_Objects%2FLaboratory%2FBook%253A_Laboratory_Manual_For_Introductory_Geology_(Deline_Harris_and_Tefend)%2F13%253A_Earthquakes%2F13.04%253A_Locating_an_Earthquake_Epicenter, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! PDF Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet P wave: The first seismic wave of an earthquake. For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. PDF EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination, Seismic Waves, and Hazards - WOU Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. 0000001978 00000 n
Mark the first arrival of the swave on each seismogram. The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. You can also download it, export it or print it out. Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. 0000003991 00000 n
How does distance from the epicenter affect the S-P time interval? 1. Thanks for your feedback! While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. Tracings made at three separate seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake epicenter. Legal. Seismic Waves. Do you agree with this alignment? travel 3,000 miles. Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. determine the epicenter using the S P (S minus P) method. 0000010002 00000 n
Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. (5 minutes) Discuss how gathering information on epicenters can be applied. Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. How does the Mad Scientist. Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. aqmd. and S waves to travel any distance up to Lab 8 - earthquake lab - Lab: Locating the Epicenters of Earthquakes PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. A.45 seconds B.50 seconds C.55 seconds D.65 seconds Answer Key: D The western U.S. has more faults than the eastern U.S., and therefore the western U.S. has more earthquakes. 9 -
How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake? Richter scale Method of earthquake measurement based on the amplitude of seismic . E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! The process is called triangulation. Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. by. Epicenter. 0
0000004060 00000 n
Moment magnitude scale. Privacy Policy, Seismograms from seismic stations in Fresno, CA, Phoenix, AZ, and Las Vegas, NV, A modified travel time curve for S-P wave, A Modified Travel Time Curve for S-P Wave. 0000003855 00000 n
Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. 0000009174 00000 n
In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. To abbreviate, use the symbol M (a capital M, plain text, no sub/superscripts) expressed to the nearest 0.1. El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se diri, Online Education Strategies (UNIV 1001 - AY2021-T), Advanced Care of the Adult/Older Adult (N566), Advanced Design Studio in Lighting (THET659), Introduction to Health Information Technology (HIM200), Biological Principles II and Lab (BIOL 107/L), PHIL ethics and social responsibility (PHIL 1404), Foundational Concepts & Applications (NR-500), Introduction To Project Management Software (CSBU539), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083), BSC 2085-Study Guide - Dr. Alfonso Pino - Online course, Lecture notes, lecture all lectures - lecture notes from professor alan klein, Full Graded Quiz Unit 3 - Selection of my best coursework, EES 150 Lesson 2 Our Restless Planet Structure, Energy, & Change, General Chemistry I - Chapter 1 and 2 Notes, 1-2 Short Answer- Cultural Objects and Their Culture, Historia de la literatura (linea del tiempo), ACCT 2301 Chapter 1 SB - Homework assignment. H\0y hb```b````e``n`d@ A
'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70
vILZ*|%6mD! The magnitude is the logarithm of the amplitude of the ground wave. How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? The vertical lines, spaced one Graphs, charts, and images can be used to identify patterns in data. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. It shows the time required for P [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. between arrival of P and S waves is called The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. What are those limits? epicenter, the longer the lag time measured Three seismographs are needed. Yw8SxGk}X3kfTfW& gk`41#'uf7"G\fsN4^8jC7[+%`qFLFKpFc 0000001746 00000 n
%PDF-1.3
%
(Grades
0000002658 00000 n
The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. 1. Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. 92 0 obj
<>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[83 25]/Info 82 0 R/Length 62/Prev 466624/Root 84 0 R/Size 108/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream
One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. 0000001533 00000 n
If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. located 1,000 miles from the 87 0 obj
<>
endobj
xref
87 28
0000000016 00000 n
X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. Answer the following questions in the spaces provided. Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Lab Answer Key (Grades
Figure 13.10). Success is figuring out that the epicenter is just off the coast of Chile, where the three circles intersect. and S waves depends on the distance from the epicenter of the answer the following question. The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. 0000002544 00000 n
%PDF-1.4
%
Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. The epicenter is the point directly above it at the surface of the Earth. HTn {0,`K6}(J6]&Q^"!q57y_VQ9fp3/?Mc=KGsrrt:c\$Lh`4}>C>`qcSj0[YpZ_Su(322/N
Z./$E )H %C[5ph[BUyGh7|!XPQiDjJ(|BNvylk+g;9G(#Aby>Jcf`XmnwtDD+;Z^I&Sb-4!7oi` L7
endstream
endobj
78 0 obj
<>
endobj
79 0 obj
<>stream
technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. 0000106240 00000 n
When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects.
Does Mom's Best Cereal Have Glyphosate,
Articles A